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STARTUP KEYS
DESCRIPTION
Command-R
Boot to OS X Recovery Mode
Alt/Option
Access Mac Startup Manager
C
Boot to CD, DVD, or USB
N
NetBoot
Shift
Safe Boot
Command-V
Verbose Mode
Command-S
Single User Mode
Command-Option-P-R
Reset PRAM
T
Enable Target Disk Mode
The above options are very handy while troubleshooting mac laptop or desktop,there are a number of startup options that are available on Macs to aid in both troubleshooting and system management.You need to reboot or start your Mac and hold the combination of keys simultaneously (as mentioned on the above table) on your keyboard as soon as you hear the familiar mac startup chime. Keep holding as your Mac boots, which may take a few moments depending on its specific configuration.